2. Climate and air as planning factors
Table 2.1: A comparison between a city and its surrounding region

Element	Measure	Difference to the  surrounding region
Radiation	Global radiation  Ultraviolet-  radiation  Hours of sunshine	up to 20 % less  up to 5 % less (summer)  up to 30 % less (winter)  up to 15 % less
Temperature	Annual average  Minimum during the night  Heating days  Length of frost period  Ground inversion	up to 1.5 K higher  up to 12 K higher  up to 10 % less  up to 25 % shorter  hardly existing in the city
Humidity	Annual average	up to 2 % less (winter)  up to 10 % less (summer)
Evaporation	Average value	up to 60 % less
Wind speed	Annual average  Gusts  Lulls (calms)	up to 30 % less  up to 20 % weaker  up to 20 % more frequent
Cloudiness	Cloud coverage	up to 10 % higher
Visibility	Frequency of fogs  Visibility up to 5 km	slightly lower  significantly worse
Precipitation	Amount of precipitation  Days with more than  5 mm  Days with snowfall  Dew	up to 10 % higher  up to 10 % more  up to 5 % less  up to 65 % less
Air impurities		significantly increased

Table 2.1: A comparison between a city and its surrounding region (LANDSBERG, 1981; varied)

© City of Stuttgart, Office for Environmental Protection, Section of Urban Climatology

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